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SEMI D35-1103 E © SEMI 2003 2 5.7 Measure t he lamp voltage when t he rated lamp current is stable. 5.8 Measure t he luminance and chromaticity when the rated lamp current is stable. 5.9 Turn off t he CCFL and remove it …

SEMI D35-1103

TEST METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF COLD CATHODE

FLUORESCENT LAMP (CCFL) CHARACTERISTICS

This test method was technically approved by the Global Flat Panel Display Committee and is the direct

responsibility of the Japanese Flat Panel Display Committee. Current edition approved by the Japanese

Regional Standards Committee on August 8, 2003. Initially available at www.semi.org October 2003; to be

published November 2003.

This standard was editorially modified in November 2004 to correct editorial errors. Changes were made to

multiple sections, figures, and tables.

1 Purpose

1.1 The purpose of this document is to standardize the

method for measurement of electrical and optical

characteristics of cold cathode fluorescent lamp

(CCFL).

2 Scope

2.1 This method is to be used by CCFL suppliers and

users to evaluate quality of products as well as items

under development.

2.2 This method shall be used in general for CCFL to

measure the initial characteristics of CCFL (single

item) and its reliability after tests, and to carry out

quality inspection for incoming and outgoing CCFLs.

NOTICE: This standard does not purport to address

safety issues, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the users of this standard to establish

appropriate safety and health practices and determine

the applicability of regulatory or other limitations prior

to use.

3 Referenced Standards

3.1 JIS Standards

JIS Z 8113 — Lighting vocabulary

3.2 IEC Standards

IEC 60050 (845) — Lighting, Section 1: Radiation,

Quantities and Units, 3: Colorimetry

NOTICE: Unless otherwise indicated, all documents

cited shall be the latest published versions.

1 Japanese Standards Association, 1-24, Akasaka 4 Chome, Minato-

Ku, Tokyo, 107-8840 Japan. Tel: +81-3-3583-8000, E-mail:

webmaster@jsa.or.jp, http://www.jsa.or.jp

2 International Electrotechnical Commision(IEC), 3, rue de

Varembé , P.O. Box131 CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. Tel: +41-

22-919-02-11, E-mail: iec@iec.ch, http://www.iec.ch

4 Terminology

4.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms

4.1.1 CCFL — Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp

4.2 Definitions

4.2.1 effective emission area — an area (length) in

which a certain percentage of luminance against the

luminance of a central part is maintained with almost

even luminance distribution (LE[mm]).

4.2.2 lamp current — effective current inside the lamp

(IL[mArms]). (The GND side shall be measured.)

4.2.3 lamp voltage — effective voltage across both

ends (between two electrodes) of a lamp at rated lamp

current (VL[Vrms]).

4.2.4 lamp wattage — a product of the lamp current,

lamp voltage and a power factor. A reference value

(W[Wrms]).

4.2.5 luminance stabilization time — the time to reach

a certain percentage of the luminance of a central part

(Ts[min.]).

4.2.6 stable discharge voltage — effective voltage at

lamp ends (between two electrodes) when a main

discharge starts (Es[Vrms]).

5 Summary of Method

5.1 Warm up the measuring equipment for a specified

period of time to stabilize (according to the instruction

manual of measuring equipment).

5.2 Keep the lamp wall temperature of a CCFL and the

ambient temperature in equilibrium. The ambient

temperature shall be stable.

5.3 Set the CCFL on the measuring equipment.

5.4 Adjust the point of measurement (viewing angle),

focus and distance.

5.5 Measure the stable discharge voltage.

5.6 Turn on the CCFL by applying a rated current and

measure the lamp current when it is stable.

SEMI D35-1103

5.7 Measure the lamp voltage when the rated lamp

current is stable.

5.8 Measure the luminance and chromaticity when the

rated lamp current is stable.

5.9 Turn off the CCFL and remove it from the

measuring equipment.

5.10 Refer to Sections 9.3 and 9.4 regarding the

measurement of the effective emission area and

luminance stabilization time.

6 Apparatus

6.1 Electrical Apparatus — Choose measuring

equipment to use from the following devices and

specify which devices were used, and also specify a

measuring circuit, lighting frequency, rating of

electrical wire and its length in the report. The

electrical (and optical) characteristics of CCFL depend

on the frequency of the lighting circuit.

6.1.1 Power Supply — For the lighting of CCFL, use a

power supply unit that provides the substantial

sinusoidal waveform and frequency of 50–60 kHz.

Also, use the combination of a Stabilized DC power

supply unit and an inverter, or a power supply unit

designed specially as an integrated type (special

purpose). The output voltage of either of them is

variable but the variability shall not affect the

measurement.

6.1.2 Meter — Use a meter that indicates true AC

voltage values for measurement. The meter built in a

special purpose power supply unit shall indicate true

values as well.

6.1.3 Circuit — The circuit to measure electrical

characteristics shall conform to Figure 1 or Figure 2.

6.1.4 Specify the ratings and lengths of electrical wires

that connect each meter and lamp. Since the wires

produce leakage current due to stray capacitance and

the amount differs according to the lengths, set the

wires as short as possible and do not bundle them.

6.2 Optical Measuring Equipment — Choose a

measuring equipment to use from the following devices

and specify which devices were used, and also specify

the measuring distance, viewing angle, and ambient

temperature in the report. The optical (and electrical)

characteristics of CCFL depend on the ambient (lamp

wall) temperature.

6.2.1 Black Box for Measurement — The black box

used to measure shall be so designed that the lamp

surface may not be affected by wind. The delustered

black paint shall be applied on the inside of the box so

that it may not be affected by the background color or

reflected light when the luminance is measured. In

addition, in order not to be affected by stray

capacitance, non-conductive materials shall be used.

For the installation of a CCFL in the box, a fixing

method shall be employed for avoiding the impact to

the lamp wall temperature distribution at lighting.

GND

Inverter

CCFL

Themocouple ammeter

True value voltmeter

High-voltage prove

Figure 1

Combination of Stabilized DC Power Source and Inverter

SEMI D35-1103

～

CCFL

Exclusive power supply

12pF

～

Themocouple ammeter

True value voltmeter

Figure 2

Exclusive Power Supply

6.2.2 Meter — Use a spectroradiometer or colorimeter

to measure the luminance and chromaticity. Keep the

spectroradiometer under control of calibration system

with the meter of national standard and traceability.

Calibrate the colorimeter in such a way that it can

reproduce the luminance value of a master CCFL

obtained by a calibrated spectroradiometer. Since each

colorimeter has the instrumental error and changes with

the passage of time, the calibration is necessary for

daily use. For the calibration, a master CCFL, which

has the emission spectrum value close to that of a

CCFL to be measured, shall be used.

6.2.3 Diagram for Measurement — The diagram for

optical measurement shall conform to Figure 3.

7 Measurement Conditions

7.1 The place for measurement shall be kept at

25 ± 2°C for ambient temperature and 30–85%RH. The

temperature fluctuation shall be within 1°C and if the

temperature is specified, the measurement shall be

carried out at such temperature. There shall be no wind

or vibration that may affect the measurement.

7.2 For the measurement of luminance and

chromaticity, arrange the situation where ambient

reflected light may not affect it or such can be ignored.

7.3 For the measurement of voltage, points to be

measured shall be specified in circuit diagrams.

Measured values may vary by the impact of ballast

capacitor or probe based upon whether the points

measured are located at an inverter transformer side or

a lamp side (or located at front or rear side of ballast

capacitor).

7.4 The electrostatic capacity of a high voltage probe

used to measure a voltage shall be so small that the

impact to the probe by leakage current may be less and

it shall be specified.

8 Test Specimen

8.1 Use a CCFL in which the wall temperature and

ambient temperature are kept in equilibrium before

lighting. Especially when measuring the stable

discharge voltage again after the first measurement,

carry out after the lamp has been in equilibrium on both

temperatures, the lamp wall temperature and ambient

temperature.

8.2 Fix a CCFL horizontally along its long side on the

jig of the above-mentioned equipment and this method

shall not affect the temperature distribution on the wall.

The measured point shall be measured in the air.