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SEMI D35-1103 E © SEMI 2003 4 Distance of measurement W i ndle s s s t a t e Spectro ra di o m eter or Colorime t er Di s ta n ce o f m eas u rem en t CCF L Spectro ra di o m eter or Color ime te r Figure 3 Optical Chara…

SEMI D35-1103

～

CCFL

Exclusive power supply

12pF

～

Themocouple ammeter

True value voltmeter

Figure 2

Exclusive Power Supply

6.2.2 Meter — Use a spectroradiometer or colorimeter

to measure the luminance and chromaticity. Keep the

spectroradiometer under control of calibration system

with the meter of national standard and traceability.

Calibrate the colorimeter in such a way that it can

reproduce the luminance value of a master CCFL

obtained by a calibrated spectroradiometer. Since each

colorimeter has the instrumental error and changes with

the passage of time, the calibration is necessary for

daily use. For the calibration, a master CCFL, which

has the emission spectrum value close to that of a

CCFL to be measured, shall be used.

6.2.3 Diagram for Measurement — The diagram for

optical measurement shall conform to Figure 3.

7 Measurement Conditions

7.1 The place for measurement shall be kept at

25 ± 2°C for ambient temperature and 30–85%RH. The

temperature fluctuation shall be within 1°C and if the

temperature is specified, the measurement shall be

carried out at such temperature. There shall be no wind

or vibration that may affect the measurement.

7.2 For the measurement of luminance and

chromaticity, arrange the situation where ambient

reflected light may not affect it or such can be ignored.

7.3 For the measurement of voltage, points to be

measured shall be specified in circuit diagrams.

Measured values may vary by the impact of ballast

capacitor or probe based upon whether the points

measured are located at an inverter transformer side or

a lamp side (or located at front or rear side of ballast

capacitor).

7.4 The electrostatic capacity of a high voltage probe

used to measure a voltage shall be so small that the

impact to the probe by leakage current may be less and

it shall be specified.

8 Test Specimen

8.1 Use a CCFL in which the wall temperature and

ambient temperature are kept in equilibrium before

lighting. Especially when measuring the stable

discharge voltage again after the first measurement,

carry out after the lamp has been in equilibrium on both

temperatures, the lamp wall temperature and ambient

temperature.

8.2 Fix a CCFL horizontally along its long side on the

jig of the above-mentioned equipment and this method

shall not affect the temperature distribution on the wall.

The measured point shall be measured in the air.

SEMI D35-1103

Distance of

measurement

Windle ss stat e

Spectroradiometer

or Colorimeter

Distance of measurement

CCFL

Spectroradiometer

or Colorimeter

Figure 3

Optical Characteristics Measurement

9 Procedure

9.1 Measurement of Electrical Characteristics

9.1.1 Measurement of Stable Discharge Voltage —

Apply zero or very low voltage to the both ends of a

lamp (between two electrodes) and increase the voltage

gradually (slide-up). The lamp starts to discharge after

the voltage reaches a certain value. Furthermore,

increase the voltage gradually (slide-up) and measure

the potential difference between the lamp ends

(electrodes) as a stable discharge voltage when a main

discharge starts.

9.1.2 Measurement of Lamp Current — Adjust the

output voltage of power supply unit to gain a specified

lamp current. Measure the lamp current at GND

terminal when it becomes stable at a specified value.

Record the preset voltage of the power supply as well.

(Refer to Figure 1 or Figure 2.)

9.1.3 Measurement of Lamp Voltage — Measure the

potential difference between both ends (electrodes) of a

lamp as a lamp voltage when the lamp current becomes

stable at a specified lamp current. If the lamp current is

affected when a probe is connected, adjust the lamp

current to make it a specified lamp current. Measure

the lamp current after it becomes stable.

9.1.4 Lamp Wattage — It is defined as a product of

lamp current, lamp voltage and power factor

(W = VL × IL × cos) and expressed as a reference

value. When the phase difference between the lamp

current and lamp voltage can be ignored and if such

situation is specified, the product of the lamp current

and lamp voltage (W = VL × IL) may be expressed as a

reference value.

9.2 Measurement of Optical Characteristics

9.2.1 Point of Measurement — The point is the side

surface of a lamp, which is within the range of viewing

angle (black circle) of a measuring instrument. The area

of measurement is the central part of the lamp. The

point of measurement shall be so small relatively to the

inner diameter of the lamp that the dislocation of the

point may not vary the luminance and chromaticity.

The point of measurement is a cylindrical surface but it

could be regarded as a plain surface due to the

smallness. (See Figure 5.) The dispersion due to

dislocation of a point of measurement is smaller within

the range that is less than or equal to 50% of the inner

diameter. The luminance decreases in the other range.

9.2.2 Distance of Measurement — The distance shall

be from a lamp surface to be measured to a light-

receiving lens surface of a measuring instrument. The

size of viewing angle varies according to adjustment by

luminance meter and the distance of measurement, set

the distance to match the inner diameter mentioned

above. When measuring, the inner surface of the lamp

and the focal point shall be well matched (Figure 5). (If

the focal point of the luminance meter is displaced, the

luminance and chromaticity values will not be indicated

correctly.)

9.2.3 Timing of Measurement — Measure after the

luminance seems stable at a specified lamp current

(where the luminance fluctuation difference is within

± 3% of the stable luminance, for example). (See Figure

4.)

SEMI D35-1103

Me asure me nt St arte d

±3%

Overcurrent

Luminanc e

100%

Figure 4

Measuring Time of Optical Characteristics

Commentary on Figure 4: The CCFL luminance has a special rising property. The highest luminance and stable

luminance vary by the combination of ambient temperature and lamp current and the transitions vary as well. This is

based upon the fact that the CCFL luminance depends on temperature and the generated heat by lighting affects it.

For this reason, the luminance varies until the lamp wall temperature becomes stable. Before the measurement, grasp

the special rising property of luminance and set the timing of measurement of the stable luminance.

9.2.4 Measurement of Luminance — Set a spectroradiometer or a colorimeter vertical to a side to be measured and

measure according to the above-mentioned instruction of measurement. Avoid shades of mercury particles in the

lamp. (See Figure 5.)

Station Diame

Lamp insi

diamete

Lamp outsi

diamete

M ercury Grain

(Within 50%

inner diame

Station Diameter

(Within 50% of

inner diameter)

Lamp inner

diameter

Lamp outer

diameter

Figure 5

Measuring Spot (Diameter) for Optical Characteristics

9.2.5 Measurement of Chromaticity — Measure in the same manner and at the same time of the measurement of

luminance.

9.3 Measurement of Effective Length of Luminous Part — Measure when the luminance is fully stable at a specified

lamp current according to the measuring conditions mentioned above. The luminance varies greatly around

electrodes since the temperature variation is big among points of measurement due to high temperature of a lamp

wall. Sufficient aging shall be performed before measurement to avoid impacts of the change of passage of time to