IPC-TM-650 EN 2022 试验方法-- - 第152页

IPC-TM-650 Number Subject Date Revision Page 2 of 2 2.3.24 Porosity of Gold Plating 2/78 5.2.7 Compress the assembly so that the pressure between the cadmium sulfide paper and the sample is uniform and between 14 kg/cm2 …

100%1 / 824
The Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
2215 Sanders Road • Northbrook, IL 60062-6135
Material in this Test Methods Manual was voluntarily established by Technical Committees of the IPC. This material is advisory only
and its use or adaptation is entirely voluntary. IPC disclaims all liability of any kind as to the use, application, or adaptation of this
material. Users are also wholly responsible for protecting themselves against all claims or liabilities for patent infringement.
Equipment referenced is for the convenience of the user and does not imply endorsement by the IPC.
Page 1 of 2
IPC-TM-650
TEST
METHODS
MANUAL
1
Scope
This
test
method
provides
procedures
to
deter¬
mine
the
porosity
of
gold
plating
on
both
copper
and
nickel
surfaces
by
chemical
means.
This
method
may
also
be
used
to
test
rhodium
or
palladium.
2
Applicable
Documents
None
3
Test
Specimens
3.1
Any
test,
pre-production,
or
production
sample
of
gold-
plated
circuitry
4
Apparatus
4.1
Whatman
No.
542
filter
paper
4.2
Glass
lab
trays
4.3
Powdered
Alumina
(or
Magnesia)
4.4
Distilled
water,
4
liters
4.5
Aluminum
panels,
1
5
cm
x
1
5
cm
(high
purity)
4.6
1
2
volt
DC
power
supply
4.7
Photographic
blotting
paper
4.8
One
pint
of
10%
solution
cadmium
chloride
4.9
One
pint
of
hydrochloric
acid
(1.16
to
1.8
specific
grav¬
ity)
4.10
One
pint
of
5%
solution
sodium
sulfide
4.11
Lab
press
(or
clamps)
4.12
0.8%
solution
Nioxime
(cyclohexane
1:2
dione
dioxime)
5
Procedure
Number
2.3.24
Subject
Porosity
of
Gold
Plating
Date
Revision
2/78
Originating
Task
Group
N/A
5.1.1
The
high-purity
aluminum
panels
must
at
all
times
be
free
from
grease
and
foreign
matter
likely
to
cause
inoperative
areas
on
the
cadmium
sulfide
paper.
5.1.2
In
order
to
preserve
the
active
life
of
the
cadmium
sul¬
fide
papers,
they
should
be
stored
in
a
dark,
sealed
container.
The
shelf
life
of
the
papers
is
approximately
four
to
six
weeks.
5.1.3
After
this
test,
the
contacts
must
be
cleaned
again
as
before,
rinsed
in
hot
distilled
water,
and
carefully
dried.
The
used
cadmium
sulfide
paper
must
not
be
stored
in
contact
with
the
plated
surface
of
the
board.
5.2
Gold
on
Copper
Test
Method
5.2.1
Soak
the
Whatman
542
filter
paper
for
1
0
minutes
in
a
fresh
1
0%
solution
of
cadmium
chloride
in
distilled
water
con¬
taining
0.1%
by
volume
of
hydrochloric
acid.
5.2.2
Remove
the
excess
solution
by
blotting.
5.2.3
Allow
the
paper
to
dry
partially,
then
immerse
in
a
fresh
5%
solution
of
sodium
sulfide
in
distilled
water
for
30
seconds,
after
which
time
the
paper
must
be
of
a
uniform
yel¬
low
color
(indicating
a
complete
precipitate
of
cadmium
sul¬
fide).
5.2.4
Soak
the
photographic
blotting
paper
in
distilled
water
and
dry
to
a
degree
of
dryness
that
produces
consistent,
sharply
defined
electrograms.
5.2.5
Lightly
clean
the
gold
plating
with
powdered
alumina
(or
magnesia)
and
water
to
remove
any
extraneous
surface
contamination,
then
flush
with
distilled
water
and
dry.
The
cleaned
surfaces
must
be
kept
clean
until
the
test
is
com¬
pleted.
5.2.6
Place
a
piece
of
the
cadmium
sulfide
paper
on
the
plated
sample
(which
acts
as
the
anode)
followed
by
a
piece
of
the
photographic
blotting
paper,
the
latter
being
in
contact
with
a
freshly
cleaned
high-purity
aluminum
panel
(which
acts
as
the
cathode).
5.1
Preparation
IPC-TM-650
Number
Subject Date
Revision
Page 2 of 2
2.3.24
Porosity
of
Gold
Plating
2/78
5.2.7
Compress
the
assembly
so
that
the
pressure
between
the
cadmium
sulfide
paper
and
the
sample
is
uniform
and
between
14
kg/cm2
and
18
kg/cm2.
5.2.8
While
the
assembly
is
under
compression,
pass
a
smooth,
ripple
free
DC
source
not
exceeding
12
volts
between
the
cathode
and
anode.
5.2.9
Set
the
current
initially
at
8
mA/cm2
of
anode
area
and
energize
for
30
seconds.
5.2.10
Allow
the
electrograms
produced
on
the
cadmium
sulfide
paper
to
dry.
5.2.11
A
corresponding
brown
stain
on
the
paper
reveals
the
presence
of
any
defect
in
the
plated
coating.
5.2.12
Visually
examine
the
specimen
at
10X
magnification.
5.3
Gold
on
Nickel
Method
5.3.1
Soak
the
Whatman
542
filter
paper
for
1
0
minutes
in
a
0.8%
solution
of
nioxime
(cyclohexane
1:2
dione
dioxime)
and
distilled
water.
5.3.2
Remove
the
excess
solution
with
blotting
paper.
The
paper
must
be
hung
up
to
dry.
5.3.3
Repeat
the
steps
in
5.2,
except
moisten
the
piece
of
nioxime
paper
with
distilled
water
and
expose
the
ammonia
vapor.
5.3.4
Remove
the
excess
by
blotting.
The
“backing
pad”
of
photographic
blotting
paper
is
to
be
used
dry.
5.3.5
Expose
the
electrograms
produced
on
the
nioxime
paper
to
ammonia
vapor,
then
allow
to
dry.
5.3.6
A
corresponding
purple-red
stain
on
the
paper
reveals
the
presence
of
any
defects
in
the
gold
plating.
5.3.7
Visually
examine
the
specimens
at
10X
magnification.
The Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
2215 Sanders Road • Northbrook, IL 60062-6135
Material in this Test Methods Manual was voluntarily established by Technical Committees of the IPC. This material is advisory only
and its use or adaptation is entirely voluntary. IPC disclaims all liability of any kind as to the use, application, or adaptation of this
material. Users are also wholly responsible for protecting themselves against all claims or liabilities for patent infringement.
Equipment referenced is for the convenience of the user and does not imply endorsement by the IPC.
Page 1 of 3
IPC-TM-650
TEST
METHODS
MANUAL
Number
2.3.24.1
Subject
Porosity
Testing
of
Gold
Electrodeposited
on
a
Nickel
Plated
Copper
Substrate
Electrographic
Method
Date
Revision
10/85
Originating
Task
Group
N/A
1
Scope
This
test
method
provides
a
procedure
for
testing
the
porosity
of
gold
electroplated
from
an
alkaline
(cyanide),
acid,
or
neutral
gold
plating
solution
on
a
nickel
substrate
in
contact
with
the
gold
deposit.
2
Applicable
Documents
None
3
Materials
and
Equipment
3.1
Materials
Acetone,
Sodium
Nitrate,
Reagent
GD.
(NaN03),
Sodium
Carbonate,
Anhydrous,
Reagent
GD.
(Na
2co
3),
Dimethylglyoxime,
Denatured
Ethyl
Alcohol
No.
3A,
Reagent
GD.
(C2H50H),
Photographic
Paper
with
Silver
Halide
removed.
(Kodabromide,
glossy
finish,
single
wt.
pho¬
tographic
paper
(fixed
before
use),
Ammonium
Hydroxide,
Reagent
GD.
(NHQH)
3.2
Equipment
3.2.1
DC
power
supply
to
0
amp
to
1
amp.
DC
minimum,
0
volts
to
1
0
volts
3.2.2
DC
Milliammeter,
0
mA
to
100
mA
3.2.3
Electrographic
Clamp-Press
4
Equipment/Apparatus
None
5
Procedure
5.1
Solution
Make
Up
5.1.1
Electrolyte
Concentration:
NaN03
1%
(wt.)
Na2C03,
Anhydr.
4%
(wt.)
Distilled
water
-
balance
by
wt.
Preparation
of
500
g
(Vol.
of
485
±
1
0
ml.)
of
solution
5.1.
1.1
Obtain
the
tare
weight
of
600-ml
glass
beaker.
5.1.
1.2
Add
400
ml
of
distilled
water
to
beaker.
5.1.
1.3
Using
agitation
and,
if
necessary,
heating
to
48.9℃,
dissolve
the
following
in
the
water:
Sodium
nitrate
-5g
Sodium
carbonate
-
20
g
5.1.
1.4
After
salts
are
dissolved,
add
distilled
water
until
the
net
weight
of
the
solution
is
500
g.
5.1.
1.5
Cool
the
solution
to
room
temperature
before
use.
5.2
Indicator
Solution
The
solution
is
a
concentration
of
dimethylglyoxime
-
1%
(wt.)
denatured
ethyl
alcohol
No.
3A
-
Balance.
Perform
the
preparation
of
300
g
(vol.
of
380
±
10
ml.)
of
solution
as
explained
in
5.2.1
through
5.2.4.
5.2.1
Obtain
the
tare
weight
of
400-ml
glass
beaker.
5.2.2
Add
275
ml
denatured
ethyl
alcohol
to
the
beaker.
5.2.3
Using
agitation
only
(do
not
heat),
dissolve
3
g
of
dim¬
ethylglyoxime
in
the
alcohol.
5.2.4
After
all
additions
are
dissolved,
add
denatured
ethyl
alcohol
until
the
net
weight
of
the
solution
is
300
g.
5.3
Electrographic
Test
5.3.1
Cleaning
Procedure
5.3.1.
1
Using
a
cloth,
wash
the
contact
area
with
alconox
solution.
5.3.1.
2
Rinse
the
contact
area
in
tap
water.
5.3.1.
3
Rinse
the
contact
area
in
deionized
water.
5.3.1.
4
Rinse
the
contact
area
with
acetone
and
air
dry.
5.4
Cut
a
piece
of
silver
halide-free
photographic
paper
to
a
size
slightly
larger
than
the
area
of
the
sample
or
part
of
the
sample
being
tested.
The
dimensions
of
the
photographic
paper
should
not
exceed
the
dimension
of
that
part
of
the
sample
being
porosity
tested
by
more
than
0.79375
mm
in
any
one
direction.
5.5
Wet
the
photographic
paper,
cut
in
5.2
with
the
electro¬
lyte
solution
prepared
in
5.1
.1
.
The
photographic
paper
is
immersed
for
30
minutes
or
more
in
the
electrolyte.