IPC-TM-650 EN 2022 试验方法-- - 第365页

Figure 1 Specimen heigh t versus tempe rature IPC-TM-650 Number Subject Date Revision Page 3 of 3 2.4.41 Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Electrical Insulating Materials1 3/86 Temperature IPC-2441-1 11.1 The re…

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Note 2—
Note 3—
Note 4—
Note 5—
Note 6—
Note 7—
IPC-TM-650
Number
Subject Date
Revision
Page 2 of 3
2.4.41
Coefficient
of
Linear
Thermal
Expansion
of
Electrical
Insulating
Materials1
3/86
Instruments
from
du
Pont
and
Perkin
Elmer
have
been
found
suitable.
6
.0
Test
Specimens
6.1
The
test
specimen
shall
be
between
.05
and
0.3
inches
thick.
This
thickness
may
be
as
received
or
may
be
laminated
by
the
user
from
pre-impregnated
"B”
stage
and
copper
free
“C”
stage
material.
It
laminated
by
the
user,
the
user
shall
be
responsible
to
contact
the
manufacturer
for
the
exact
layup
and
process
parameters
used
for
quality
acceptance
at
the
manufacturers
facility.
Repeatability
of
Test
Results
will
vary
with
layup,
bake
out,
laminating
pressure/ramp
speed,
press
time,
etc.
6.2
Specimens
should
be
between
0.3
and
0.4
inches
in
height
and
have
flat
and
parallel
upper
and
lower
surfaces.
The
surfaces
to
be
measured
shall
be
perpendicular
to
the
fiber
fillers
and
the
identity
of
the
direction
of
the
fiber
fillers
shall
be
maintained
throughout
the
test.
The
upper
and
lower
surfaces
shall
be
polished
with
600
grit
paper
to
remove
burrs
or
strands
of
fiber
filler.
The
specimens
shall
then
be
cleaned
using
isopropyl
alcohol,
and
dried
for
1
hour
at
10℃
above
the
maximum
specified
temperature
of
the
run.
The
1
hour
prebake
may
be
eliminated
if
Condition
(7.),
is
performed
immediately
after
final
polish.
6.3
There
shall
be
three
specimens
prepared
from
the
same
piece
of
material
for
each
direction
to
be
measured.
7
.0
Conditioning
7.1
Conditioning
of
test
specimen
shall
include
immersion
in
isopropyl
alcohol
with
agitation
for
20
seconds,
followed
by
Condition
E-1/1
10
and
C-|
40/23/50
in
accordance
with
D-618.
8
.0
Calibration
8.1
Calibrate
the
apparatus
in
accordance
with
the
instru¬
ment
manufacturer's
recommendations.
9
.0
Procedure
9.1
Measure
the
height
of
the
specimen.
9.2
Place
the
specimen
in
the
specimen
holder
under
the
probe.
The
thermocouple
or
other
means
for
sensing
speci¬
men
temperature
should
be
in
contact
with
the
specimen,
or
as
near
to
the
specimen
as
possible.
9.3
Assemble
the
furnace
to
the
specimen
holder.
If
mea¬
surements
at
subambient
temperatures
are
to
be
made,
cool
the
specimen
holder
and
furnace
to
at
least
20℃
below
the
lowest
temperature
of
interest,
using
procedures
as
given
by
the
instrument
manufacturer.
The
refrigerant
used
for
cooling
shall
not
come
into
direct
contact
with
the
specimen.
The
temperature
range
to
be
tested
shall
be
speci¬
fied
by
the
user,
so
that
the
manufacturer
and
user
will
test
over
the
same
temperature
range.
If
tested
over
different
tem¬
perature
ranges,
the
repeatability
may
be
unacceptable.
9.4
Place
weights
on
the
sensing
probe
to
ensure
that
the
probe
is
in
contact
with
the
specimen
with
a
1
to
3-g
load.
9.5
Increase
the
furnace
temperature
at
5
=
0.5℃/min.
over
the
desired
temperature
range.
9.6
Record
the
specimen
temperature
and
change
in
speci¬
men
height
using
appropriate
ranges
on
the
X-Y
recorder.
A
gas
purge
may
be
used
to
replace
the
air
around
the
specimen
for
measurement
of
expansion
in
different
atmo¬
spheres.
9.7
Test
at
least
three
specimens
of
the
same
material.
Retest
of
a
specimen
may
be
used
only
as
reference
and
shall
not
be
treated
as
an
independent
test
of
a
new
specimen.
10
.0
Calculation
10.1
Calculate
the
average
coefficient
of
thermal
expan¬
sions,
a,
over
the
temperature
intervals
of
interest
as
follows:
a
=
(
△
H/AT)/H
where:
H
二
original
height
of
specimen,
A
H
=
change
in
height
of
the
specimen
(in
the
same
units)
over
the
temperature
interval
AT,
and
AT
=
temperature
interval,
(see
Figure
1).
AH
and
AT
may
on
some
instruments
be
read
directly
from
the
recorder
chart.
On
other
instruments
con¬
stant
factors
may
need
to
be
applied
to
the
chart
readings
to
obtain
these
values.
11
.0
Report
Figure 1 Specimen height versus temperature
IPC-TM-650
Number
Subject Date
Revision
Page 3 of 3
2.4.41
Coefficient
of
Linear
Thermal
Expansion
of
Electrical
Insulating
Materials1
3/86
Temperature
IPC-2441-1
11.1
The
report
shall
include
the
following:
11.1.7
Transition
temperatures,
if
noted.
11.1.1
Designation
of
the
material,
including
the
name
of
the
manufacturer
and
information
on
composition
when
known.
11.1.2
Method
of
preparation
of
the
test
specimen.
11.1.3
Specimen
orientation
with
respect
to
original
sample,
if
applicable.
11.1.4
Sample
size.
11.1.5
Temperatures
between
which
the
coefficient
of
linear
thermal
expansion
has
been
determined.
11.1.8
Instrument
manufacturer
and
model
number.
11.1.9
Purge
gas,
if
used,
and
rate
of
gas
flow,
and
11.1.10
X-Y
chart
record.
NOTE
The
preceding
test
method
was
originally
ASTM
D3386-75,
until
modified
for
use
by
IPG
for
round-robin
test¬
ing
of
organic
substrate
materials.
Upon
completion
of
the
test
program,
recommendations
for
revision
will
be
made
to
ASTM.
11.1.6
Average
coefficient
of
linear
thermal
expansion
per
degree
Celsius.
ASTM-E-228
ASTM-D-696
ASTM-E-831
ASTM-E-77
ASTM-E-220
ASTM-E-644
The Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
2215 Sanders Road • Northbrook, IL 60062-6135
Material in this Test Methods Manual was voluntarily established by Technical Committees of the IPC. This material is advisory only
and its use or adaptation is entirely voluntary. IPC disclaims all liability of any kind as to the use, application, or adaptation of this
material. Users are also wholly responsible for protecting themselves against all claims or liabilities for patent infringement.
Equipment referenced is for the convenience of the user and does not imply endorsement by the IPC.
Page 1 of 3
IPC-TM-650
TEST
METHODS
MANUAL
Number
2.4.41.1
Subject
Coefficient
of
Thermal
Expansion
by
the
Vitreous
Silica
(Quartz)
Dilatometer
Method
Date
Revision
8/97
A
Originating
Task
Group
N/A
1
.0
Scope
1.1
To
describe
the
vitreous
silica
dilatometer
method
for
determining
the
linear
thermal
expansion
of
laminated
materi¬
als
within
the
temperature
range
of
-55℃
to
1
00℃.
Inorganic
substrates
(non-laminated)
shall
be
tested
within
a
range
of
-55°
to
150℃.
2
.0
Applicable
Documents
Standard
Test
Method
for
Linear
Thermal
Expansion
of
Solid
Materials
with
a
Vitreous
Silica
Dilatometer
Test
for
Coefficient
of
Linear
Thermal
Expan¬
sion
of
Plastics
Test
for
Linear
Thermal
Expansion
of
Solid
Materials
by
Thermodilatometry
Verification
and
Calibration
of
Liquid-in-Glass
Thermometers
Calibration
of
Thermocouples
by
Comparison
Techniques
Testing
Industrial
Resistance
Thermometers
3
.0
Test
Specimen
3.1
Laminated
materials
which
may
or
may
not
contain
metal
layers.
3.2
Nominal
test
specimen
dimensions
shall
be
1/4
inch
wide
x
2
inch
-4
inch
long
x
1/8
inch
minimum
thickness.
End
surfaces
shall
be
ground
parallel.
Any
deviation
from
nominal
should
recognize
thermal
gradients
of
the
temperature
cham¬
ber,
thermal
lag
of
specimen
and
any
bending
of
specimen.
Thicknesses
under
1/8
inch
shall
be
supported
by
adequate
clamping
devices
unless
it
is
certain
that
the
specimen
will
remain
straight
during
testing.
4
.0
Apparatus
4.1
Vitreous
silica
dilatometer
of
either
the
tube
or
push
rod
type
to
determine
the
change
in
length
of
a
solid
material
as
a
function
of
temperature.
The
temperature
is
controlled
at
a
constant
heating
or
cooling
rate.
The
linear
thermal
expansion
and
the
coefficients
of
linear
thermal
expansion
(GTE)
are
cal¬
culated
from
the
recorded
data.
This
device
measures
the
difference
in
thermal
expansion
between
a
test
specimen
and
the
vitreous
silica
parts
of
the
dilatometer
(Figure
1).
4.2
Specimen
holder
(tube)
and
probe
shall
be
made
of
vit¬
reous
silica.
The
probe
contact
shall
be
flat
or
be
rounded
to
approximately
a
1
0
mm
radius.
4.3
Chamber
for
uniformly
heating
and
cooling
the
speci¬
men.
The
specimen
temperature
change
rate
shall
be
con¬
trolled.
The
temperature
gradient
in
the
specimen
shall
not
exceed
0.5℃/cm.
4.4
Transducer,
for
measuring
the
difference
in
length
between
the
specimen
and
the
specimen
holder
with
an
accuracy
of
at
least
士
0.5|jm.
The
transducer
shall
be
pro¬
tected
or
mounted
so
that
temperature
changes
will
not
affect
the
readings
by
more
than
1
.Opm.
4.5
Micrometer,
for
measuring
the
reference
length,
Lo,
of
the
specimen
with
an
accuracy
of
at
least
±
25|jm.
4.6
Thermocouple,
types
E,
K,
or
T,
for
measurement
of
the
specimen
temperature.
(Type
E
is
NiCr
versus
constantan,
type
K
is
NiCr
versus
NiAI
and
Type
T
is
Cu
versus
constan¬
tan.)
4.7
Recorder
or
data
logger
for
collecting
temperatures
and
lengths.
5
.0
Procedure
5.1
Sample
Preparation
Rough
cut
with
a
band
saw
or
metallurgical
cut-off
wheel
and
finish
machining
by
grinding.
Care
must
be
exercised
to
remove
roughness
from
specimen
ends.
The
ends
shall
be
parallel
to
土
.001
inch/inch.
5.2
Sample
condition
(only
for
laminated,
organic
speci¬
mens).
5.2.1
The
specimen
shall
be
immersed
in
isopropyl
alcohol
and
agitated
for
twenty
seconds.