VDA_6.3_EN_Yellow_Volume_22-05-16.pdf - 第17页

15 Firstly, it mu st be described what “input” (see questionnair e sub -element P6.1) is con verted into an “outpu t” (see que stionnaire sub -element P6.6 ) by the process. In addition, the follo wing questions are cons…

2.3 Differentiation between a potential analysis and a

process audit

As can be seen from figure 2-1, a potential analysis (P1) can be carried out

before a contract is awarded. The questionnaire, with a reduced scope, can

be used to assess whether potential suppliers are suitable as series produc-

tion suppliers. Given that these are potential suppliers, the audit must (if nec-

essary) be based on other processes/products. However, these pro-

cesses/products should be comparable to the product to be supplied. This

procedure can be applied to the entire supply chain, taking into account the

lead time to SOP.

2.4 Identification of process risks (risk analysis)

The effect of individual processes on the product is essential in the process

audit. Consequently, the assessment must be made from the perspective of

the relevant product risk. Potential process risks must therefore already be

identified during the preparation for the audit in order to assess them ade-

quately in the process audit itself.

A risk analysis can be carried out on the basis of the Turtle Model.

An example of the Turtle Model using process element P6 is shown below,

but the model can be used for all process elements.

Figure 2-2: The Turtle Model

Firstly, it must be described what “input” (see questionnaire sub-element

P6.1) is converted into an “output” (see questionnaire sub-element P6.6) by

the process. In addition, the following questions are considered:

• How does the process work (work carried out, workflow, methods,

procedures, instructions – see questionnaire sub-element P6.2)?

• What areas, functions and personnel support the process (personnel

resources such as capacities, competencies, authorities, qualifica-

tions – see questionnaire sub-element P6.3)?

• Which tools are used to implement the process (material resources

such as machines, tools, test equipment, facilities, other equipment –

see questionnaire sub-element P6.4)?

• How effectively is the process carried out (effectiveness, performance

indicators, efficiency – see process sub-element P6.5)?

As a second step, the potential risks in relation to the content of the Turtle el-

ements are identified. The auditor as well as the audit team should make use

of their process know-how to identify potential product and process risks that

could affect product quality. These risks must then be analyzed and evalu-

ated in the audit to ensures a reasonable degree of risk minimization.

Based on the applied Turtle Model, it is possible to set priorities in a targeted

manner.

Figure 2-3: Schematic diagram of interlinked processes

The interfaces of the process steps have a significant influence on possible

risks and therefore require a more in-depth analysis.

3 Requirements for process auditors

3.1 Auditor qualification

Auditor qualification is of vital importance when it comes to achieving the au-

dit objectives. The quality and comparability of audit results are greatly influ-

enced by the qualification of the auditors. In addition to the qualification crite-

ria of each organization, the following minimum requirements, the require-

ments according to ISO 19011 as well as customer-specific and further exter-

nal requirements should be taken into account. The organization determines

and documents the procedure for auditor evaluation including the approval,

maintenance and improvement of auditor qualifications (e.g. observation dur-

ing audits/approval and witness audits).

3.1.1 Internal process auditors

Specialized knowledge

• Good knowledge of quality tools and methods (e.g. VDA MLA, DoE,

FMEA, FTA, PPA, SPC, SWOT, 8D Method)

• Knowledge of the relevant customer-specific requirements

• Knowledge of the relevant management system requirements (e.g.

IATF 16949, DIN EN ISO 9001, VDA 6.1)

• Specific knowledge regarding the product and the process

Evidence of specialized training

• Successful participation in a VDA 6.3 training course (passing a

test/obtaining a certificate of qualification)

• Knowledge of required quality tools and methods in the technology to

be audited

Professional experience

A minimum of 3 years’ professional experience (after 2 years’ professional

experience, in-house apprenticeship periods may be considered additionally),

preferably in manufacturing companies within the automotive industry, includ-

ing at least 1 year of experience in quality management.