ENA-X and ENA Series Vector Network Analyzers.pdf - 第31页

31 Source Phase Control ( S96088B ) This application allo ws users to set calibrated, ar bitrary phase differenc es between two intern al sources with the E5080B’s opti on 4x2 or E5081A’s 4 - port opt ions. The phase dif…

Intermodulation Distortion Measurements (S96087B)

Using E5081A ENA-X

The Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) application makes it very easy to set up and calibrate swept-IMD

measurements of both amplifiers and frequency converters. It controls the frequency and power of

internal and external sources and tunes the receivers to the main tones as well as the IMD products in a

single measurement channel. You can sweep either the center frequency of the two stimulus signals, the

frequency spacing of the two stimulus signals about a fixed center frequency, the power of one or both

stimulus signals, or the power of the LO signal. The analyzer can measure intermodulation distortion

products of order 2, 3, 5, 7, or 9, and display the associated intercept points.

A 4-port E5081A is recommended for IMD measurements with each built-in source generating one tone.

The recommended method with the E5081A is to use one reference receiver for power leveling – both

first (f1) and second (f2) tone signals are measured with the VNA’s one receiver. Unlike the E5080B,

E5081A’s internal couplers can be directly accessed, so the couplers can be placed as close as possible

to input of the DUT. This configuration improves measurement accuracy of reflection measurements by

eliminating insertion loss associated with a combiner.

An external combiner (for example, hybrid power dividers 87302C, 87303C, or 87304C) is required to

combine the tones. Any of the remaining ports can be used as the receive port. A typical configuration for

IMD measurements with the 4-port E5081A is shown.

Source Phase Control (S96088B)

This application allows users to set calibrated, arbitrary phase differences between two internal sources

with the E5080B’s option 4x2 or E5081A’s 4-port options. The phase difference can be fixed or swept

between two specified phase values. S96088B also controls the relative power level between the sources

using the receiver-leveling feature. S96088B is targeted for active-load control, where the analyzer

provides a precise, electronically settable impedance to the output port of a device, while gain and output

power are measured. This capability can be combined with external load-pull software to create traditional

load-pull power contours. Not available with the E5080B option 2x0/4x0 or E5081A option 2xx with a

single internal source.

Differential and I/Q Device Measurements (S96089B)

In systems with a single source, the S96089B software can be used to characterize the harmonics of an

active device, such as an amplifier. The source is set to the fundamental frequency and the receivers can

easily be set to a multiple to measure the fundamental (x1), second (x2), third (x3), or higher harmonics.

Power sweeps can be used to characterize the harmonic levels versus power.

In systems with more than one source, the S96089B combines source-phase control of the internal or

external sources with frequency-offset mode, enabling simplified test of I/Q modulators/converters and

differential mixers, and harmonic measurements of differential amplifiers. The phase difference between

sources can be fixed (for example, at 90 or 180 degrees), or swept between two specified phase values.

Providing accurate control of the relative phase between sources eliminates the need for hybrid couplers

and baluns to create quadrature or differential signals. After achieving the desired phase alignment, the

instrument's receivers can be tuned to all frequencies needed to characterize the DUT. On an I/Q

modulator for example, measurements can be made of both the desired and suppressed conversion

bands, along with LO leakage, harmonics and other spurious signals. Phase sweeps can be used to

determine a DUT’s phase imbalance versus frequency.

In all cases, users can specify measurements with individual receivers or multiple receivers combined

with a wide range of mathematical operators. Power measurements can employ match correction for

increased accuracy.

Spectrum Analysis (S96090B for E5080B,

S960904B/S960907B for E5081A)

The Spectrum Analyzer (SA) application adds high-performance microwave spectrum analysis to the

analyzer. With fast stepped-FFT sweeps resulting from optimized data processing, the SA application

provides quick spurious searches over broad frequency ranges. Simultaneous spectrum measurements

can be done using test and reference receivers. This multi-channel SA can be used with the internal

swept-signal generators for efficient measurements of spurious signals emanating from mixers and

frequency converters. The SA application employs source-power and receiver-response calibration as

well as fixture de-embedding, providing in-fixture and on-wafer spectrum measurements with the highest

level of accuracy. Accurate and fast Noise Power Ratio (NPR) measurement capability is also included in

this software application. It provides the ability of setting up and controlling of external signal

generator/arbitrary waveform generators and performing the calibration of the flatness of a wideband

signal and distortion signals in notches and achieving very fast NPR measurements. Optional external

attenuators should be connected with the VNA’s test ports to avoid receiver compression when

measuring large signals.

This application also includes a VSA IQ data-link feature for sending IQ data from the VNA to Keysight’s

Pathwave 89600 VSA software for demodulation and analysis of EVM, AM-AM/AM-PM, and more. With

no additional license, the data link supports up to 200 MHz of modulation bandwidth with E5081A ENA-X

and a 29 MHz bandwidth with E5080B ENA. S95050B/51B software licenses extend the modulation

bandwidth to 1.5 GHz/4 GHz with ENA-X.

For use with E5080B ENA, S96090B software with E5080B option 09x spectrum analysis hardware is

required. There are two frequency choices intended for the E5081A ENA-X: S960904B to 20 GHz options

and S96097B to 44 GHz options.

Active Hot Parameters (S96111B)

Active hot parameters software allows the analyzer a more accurate method for testing Hot S-parameter,

gain and output power than traditional methods by utilizing the X-parameter technology.

It removes active device and system interaction to precisely calculate the active parameters and output

power into a nominal 50-ohm environment. The advanced theory removes system-to-system correlation

problems. S96111B also provides key parameters of optimal load for maximum power, maximum power

delivered to optimal load, and the DUT’s fundamental X-parameters. Total 14 traces (parameters) are

available with various sweep types, such as frequency sweep, power sweep, or two-dimensional

frequency and power sweep. Requires 4-port option configuration with the internal second source.

S96111B covers up to 50 GHz.