Tracker-2800-2800S.pdf - 第84页

84  The IC signatures resem ble zener diodes.  There are man y causes for IC failures and the Trac ker 2800 can display its "health" as resistive leakage, an open or a short.  Functionall y identical pins on…

Linear Voltage Regulators

Voltage regulators are commonly found in many electronic assemblies. Some of the most popular

integrated circuits of this type are three terminal devices like the 7805, a +5 volt DC regulator. The

next figure shows the schematic and pin layout of the 7805 regulator. Different manufacturers

implement their products with different topologies and manufacturing processes. So it's not unexpected

that the same functionally equivalent component from different manufacturers may have different

signatures.

Figure 5-12. Diagram and Symbol of a Linear Voltage Regulator, 7805 Type

Input pin Output pin

15V, 1K, 200Hz with Ground Pin to Common

Figure 5-13. Signatures of a 7805 SGS Thompson Voltage Regulator

Input Output pin

15V, 1K, 200Hz range, Ground Pin to Common

Figure 5-14. Signatures of a 7805 Motorola Voltage Regulator

Review

 Integrated circuits are complex devices that are built using basic electronic components.

 The IC signatures resemble zener diodes.

 There are many causes for IC failures and the Tracker 2800 can display its "health" as resistive

leakage, an open or a short.

 Functionally identical pins on a single IC out-of-circuit will display the same signature.

 The most common point for reference is ground, but V

or another point might give a more

informative signature.

 Different analog IC families exhibit different characteristic signatures.

Applications

Testing for faulty IC’s is one of the more common uses for the Tracker. A technician can compare IC’s

in or out of circuit.

5-3. LOW VOLTAGE

The low voltage family of logic that offers lower dynamic power consumption, lower operating

voltages, higher output drive, faster AC speed, lower noise and better dynamic thresholds than HC

CMOS. These features make this family attractive for low power applications such as battery operated

portable applications (that is, laptop computers, pagers, phones, etc.).

In order to achieve this improved level of performance, the manufacturers of this LV (low voltage)

family of logic ICs have redesigned the internal structure of the device. Some manufacturers have

changed the input structure by eliminating the input protection diode to V

. Similarly, the design of

the output structure also has changed by eliminating the output protection diode to V

and replacing it

with a N-Channel pull-up transistor. As a result of these changes, the analog signatures of the LV logic

family are different from the conventional HC logic family.

Do the following to view signatures of low voltage logic:

1. Select the 3V, 10K and 60Hz.

2. Place or clip the black test lead from the Tracker 2800's Common jack to the IC's ground pin. For

this example, the ground pin of the 74LVQ245 is pin 10.

3. Use the red test lead from the Tracker 2800's Channel A jack and probe each pin of the IC. For this

example, pins 2 to 9 and 11 to 18 are all buffer circuits so they will have identical signatures.

(Note: This is only for ICs out of circuit.)

4. Use the red test lead from the Signal jack and probe the enable input pins. For this example, the

enable pins of the 74LVQ245 are pin 1 and 19 and will have the same signatures. (Note: This is

only for ICs out of circuit.)

5. Use the red test lead from the Tracker 2800's Signal jack and probe the power supply V

input

pin. For this example, the V

pin of the 74LVQ245 is pin 20.

Buffer pins Enable pins V

Power pin

3V, 10K, 60Hz, Ground Pin to Test Common

Figure 5-15. Signatures of a Low Voltage IC (74LVQ45 Type).

The ranges used above enhance the resistive fault signatures that are commonly found when

troubleshooting this logic family. The test signal voltage V

is lower than the TTL range groups to

ensure that most descriptive signature is displayed. A higher V

may result is a signature going toward

a short with would mask out flaws. The short signature can be attributed by the LV family's lower

voltage characteristics.