IPC-TM-650 EN 2022 试验方法--.pdf - 第486页

Figure 5-15 Measuring Amplitude for Incid ent Step -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Signal (V) Time t i,TS t f,TS V open,Ch1 V open,Ch 2 Ch1 Ch2 V TS,Ch2,1 V TS,Ch1,1 -0.5 -0.6 t i,TL t f,TL 0.5 0.6 Figure 5-16 Ca…

100%1 / 824
Step 2 –
Step 3 –
Figure 5-14 Measurement Zones for Differential TDR
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Time
Signal (V)
Ch1
Ch2
TDR/Probe Interface
Probe/Transmission Line Interface
Transfer Standard
Measurement Zone
T
ransmission Line
Measurement Zone
t
i,TS
t
i,TL
t
f,TL
t
f,TS
IPC-TM-650
Page 17 of 23
Number
2.5.5.7
Subject
Characteristic
Impedance
of
Lines
on
Printed
Boards
by
TDR
Date
03/04
Revision
A
IPC-2257a-5-14
Probe
the
reference
airline
using
suitable
adapter
and
obtain
a
TDR
waveform
similar
to
that
shown
in
Figure
5-16
for
each
channel.
Measure
the
average
voltage
levels
for
the
high
and
low
states
for
the
two
differential
TDR
wave¬
forms,
which
are
labeled
VTSChV2,
VTSiCh2
2,
%内,61,
and
Vstd
Ch2
in
Figure
5-1
6.
There
are
a
total
of
four
states,
two
for
each
of
the
differential
waveforms.
Calculate
the
voltage
differ¬
ence,
“61,
for
Channel
1
(Ch1)
using:
%,C/71
-
^TS,CtT\,2
-
Vstd,Ch1
and
the
voltage
difference,
VrCh2,
for
Channel
2
(Ch2)
using:
^r,Ch2
=
^Ts,Ch2,2
-
^std,Ch2
where:
VTs,chA,2
is
the
average
voltage
level
of
that
part
of
the
Ch1
TDR
waveform
corresponding
to
the
transfer
standard
(not
the
same
value
as
used
in
Step
1),
VTSiCh2
2
is
the
average
voltage
level
of
that
part
of
the
Ch2
TDR
waveform
corresponding
to
the
transfer
standard
(not
the
same
value
as
used
in
Step
1),
VstdChA
is
the
average
voltage
level
of
that
part
of
the
Ch1
TDR
waveform
corresponding
to
the
reference
standard
(the
airline),
and
V/o
Ch2
is
the
average
voltage
level
of
that
part
of
the
Ch2
TDR
waveform
corresponding
to
the
reference
standard
(the
air¬
line).
This
calibration
step
can
be
performed
using
either
one
refer¬
ence
airline
or
two.
Because
the
reference
airline
contains
only
one
signal
conductor,
if
one
airline
is
used,
then
calibration
of
the
two
channels
must
be
performed
sequentially
(in
which
case,
Figure
5-16
is
a
composite
of
two
TDR
waveforms,
one
for
each
differential
TDR
channel).
If
two
airlines
are
used,
then
the
calibration
of
the
two
channels
can
be
performed
simulta¬
neously.
Calculate
the
characteristic
impedance,
ZTSCh-^y
of
the
transfer
standard
for
Channel
1
(Ch1)
using:
7
(Vjnc,Ch1
-
^r.ChA
T
々
s,
cm
二
7^7
^std
yinc.Chl
+
vr,Ch1
j
Figure 5-15 Measuring Amplitude for Incident Step
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Signal (V)
Time
t
i,TS
t
f,TS
V
open,Ch1
V
open,Ch
2
Ch1
Ch2
V
TS,Ch2,1
V
TS,Ch1,1
-0.5
-0.6
t
i,TL
t
f,TL
0.5
0.6
Figure 5-16 Calibration of Transfer Standard
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Signal (V)
Time
V
TS,Ch2,2
V
TS,Ch1,2
t
i,TS
t
i,std
t
f,std
t
f,TS
Ch1
Ch2
V
std,Ch1
V
std,Ch2
IPC-TM-650
Page 18 of 23
Number
2.5.5.7
Subject
Characteristic
Impedance
of
Lines
on
Printed
Boards
by
TDR
Date
03/04
Revision
A
IPC-2257a-5-16
ASTM D229
ASTM D149
The Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
2215 Sanders Road • Northbrook, IL 60062
Material in this Test Methods Manual was voluntarily established by Technical Committees of the IPC. This material is advisory only
and its use or adaptation is entirely voluntary. IPC disclaims all liability of any kind as to the use, application, or adaptation of this
material. Users are also wholly responsible for protecting themselves against all claims or liabilities for patent infringement.
Equipment referenced is for the convenience of the user and does not imply endorsement by the IPC.
Page 1 of 3
IPC-TM-650
TEST
METHODS
MANUAL
Number
2.5.6
Subject
Dielectric
Breakdown
of
Rigid
Printed
Wiring
Material
Date
Revision
5/86
B
Originating
Task
Group
N/A
1
.0
Scope
This
method
describes
a
procedure
for
deter¬
mining
the
ability
of
rigid
insulating
materials
to
resist
break¬
down
parallel
to
laminations
(or
in
the
plane
of
the
material)
when
subjected
to
extremely
high
voltages
at
standard
AC
power
frequencies
of
50-60Hz.
As
for
most
electrical
properties,
values
obtained
on
most
materials
are
highly
dependent
on
the
moisture
content
and
tests
using
different
conditioning
cannot
be
compared.
Tests
in
other
mediums,
e.g.,
air
are
generally
impractical
due
to
its
relatively
low
breakdown.
This
method
is
based
on
the
test
technique
described
as
ASTM
D229.
2
.0
Applicable
documents
Standard
Method
of
Testing
Rigid
Sheet
and
Plate
Materials
Used
for
Electrical
Insulation
Standard
Test
Method
for
Dielectric
Breakdown
Voltage
and
Dielectric
Strength
of
Solid
Electrical
Insulating
Materials
at
Commercial
Power
Frequencies
3
.0
Test
Specimens
3.1
Number
Four
specimens
shall
be
tested.
When
speci¬
fied,
two
shall
be
in
the
machine
direction
and
two
in
the
transverse
direction
for
reinforced
materials.
3.2
Form
Specimens
shall
be
approximately
3.0
inch
X
2.0
inch
X
thickness
and
shall
be
prepared
by
shearing
or
sawing
the
specimen
from
the
test
sample.
Two
holes
0.188
inch
in
diameter
are
to
be
drilled
along
the
center
line
of
the
3.0
inch
dimension
and
midway
between
the
edges
in
the
2.0
inch
dimension,
with
a
spacing
of
1
.0
inch
±
.01
inch
center
to
center.
3.3
Location
The
specimens
may
be
cut
from
any
location
in
the
sheet
(except
from
the
outer
1.0
inch
of
full
size
sheets).
3.4
Foil
Clad
Material
Foil
clad
material
shall
have
all
metal
cladding
removed
by
etching
and
shall
be
thoroughly
cleaned
prior
to
conditioning
or
testing.
4.0
Apparatus/Materials
4.1
High
voltage
breakdown
tester
(generally
50KV
mini¬
mum)
with
current
rating
of
.5KVA
up
to
10KV
and
5
KVA
above
1
0KV
and
a
motorized
control
capable
of
a
500
volts/
second
rate
of
rise.
4.2
Oil
tank
filled
with
insulating
oil1
capable
of
exceeding
the
requirements
of
the
specification.
4.3
Tapered
pin
electrode
fixture
utilizing
two
American
Standard
#3
pins.
(Note
spherical
ends
on
the
pins
are
per¬
mitted
and
recommended
to
reduce
likelihood
of
breakdown
in
the
oil.)
4.4
High
voltage
test
leads
(leads
rated
in
excess
of
machine
capacity
are
recommended).
4.5
Constant
temperature
water
bath,
capable
of
50℃
±
2
℃,
filled
with
distilled
water.
4.6
Beaker
or
pan
filled
with
ambient
temperature
distilled
water.
4.7
Racks
for
supporting
specimens
in
the
50℃
water
bath
(with
all
specimen
surfaces
exposed).
4.8
Timer
0-60
seconds.
4.9
Lint
free
paper
towels.
5.0
Procedure
5.1
Preconditioning
Unless
otherwise
specified
the
speci¬
men
shall
be
conditioned
for
48
hours
(+2
hours
-0
hours)
in
distilled
water
maintained
at
50℃
±
2
℃.
Following
this
step
the
specimen
shall
be
immersed
in
ambi¬
ent
temperature
distilled
water
for
30
minutes
minimum,
4
hours
maximum,
to
allow
the
specimens
to
achieve
tempera¬
ture
equilibrium
without
a
substantial
change
in
moisture
con¬
tent.
1
.
Insulating
Oil:
Transfer
oil
such
as
Shell
Dial
Ax
may
be
used.
Use
of
dibutyl
phthalate
is
acceptable
but
it
may
cause
failure
of
the
adhesives
used
for
plastic
tanks.