IPC-TM-650 EN 2022 试验方法.pdf - 第365页

11.1 The report shall include the following: 11.1.1 Designation of the material, including the name of the manufacturer and information on composition when known. 11.1.2 Method of preparation of the test specimen. 11.1.3…

Note

2—

Instruments

from duPont and Perkin Elmer have

been found suitable.

6.0

Test Specimens

6.1

The test specimen shall be between .05 and 0.3 inches

thick. This thickness may be as received or may be laminated

by the user from pre-impregnated ‘‘B’’ stage and copper free

‘‘C’’ stage material. It laminated by the user, the user shall be

responsible to contact the manufacturer for the exact layup

and process parameters used for quality acceptance at the

manufacturers facility.

Note

3—

Repeatability

of Test Results will vary with layup,

bake out, laminating pressure/ramp speed, press time, etc.

6.2 Specimens

should be between 0.3 and 0.4 inches in

height and have flat and parallel upper and lower surfaces.

The surfaces to be measured shall be perpendicular to the

fiber fillers and the identity of the direction of the fiber fillers

shall be maintained throughout the test. The upper and lower

surfaces shall be polished with 600 grit paper to remove burrs

or strands of fiber filler. The specimens shall then be cleaned

using isopropyl alcohol, and dried for 1 hour at 10°C above

the maximum specified temperature of the run.

Note

4—

The

1 hour prebake may be eliminated if Condition

(7.), is performed immediately after final polish.

6.3

There

shall be three specimens prepared from the same

piece of material for each direction to be measured.

7.0

Conditioning

7.1

Conditioning

of test specimen shall include immersion in

isopropyl alcohol with agitation for 20 seconds, followed by

Condition E-1/110 and C

40/23/50

in accordance with

D-618.

8.0

Calibration

8.1

Calibrate

the apparatus in accordance with the instru-

ment manufacturer’s recommendations.

9.0

Procedure

9.1

Measure

the height of the specimen.

9.2 Place

the specimen in the specimen holder under the

probe. The thermocouple or other means for sensing speci-

men temperature should be in contact with the specimen, or

as near to the specimen as possible.

9.3

Assemble

the furnace to the specimen holder. If mea-

surements at subambient temperatures are to be made, cool

the specimen holder and furnace to at least 20°C below the

lowest temperature of interest, using procedures as given by

the instrument manufacturer. The refrigerant used for cooling

shall not come into direct contact with the specimen.

Note

5—

The

temperature range to be tested shall be speci-

fied by the user, so that the manufacturer and user will test

over the same temperature range. If tested over different tem-

perature ranges, the repeatability may be unacceptable.

9.4

Place

weights on the sensing probe to ensure that the

probe is in contact with the specimen witha1to3-gload.

9.5

Increase

the furnace temperature at 5 = 0.5°C/min.

over the desired temperature range.

9.6

Record

the specimen temperature and change in speci-

men height using appropriate ranges on the X-Y recorder.

Note

6—

gas purge may be used to replace the air around

the specimen for measurement of expansion in different atmo-

spheres.

9.7

Test

at least three specimens of the same material.

Retest of a specimen may be used only as reference and shall

not be treated as an independent test of a new specimen.

10.0

Calculation

10.1

Calculate

the average coefficient of thermal expan-

sions, α, over the temperature intervals of interest as follows:

α =(∆ H/∆T)/H

where:

H = original height of specimen,

∆ H = change in height of the specimen (in the same units)

over the temperature interval ∆T, and

∆ T = temperature interval, °C (see Figure 1).

Note

7—

∆H

and ∆T may on some instruments be read

directly from the recorder chart. On other instruments con-

stant factors may need to be applied to the chart readings to

obtain these values.

11.0

Report

IPC-TM-650

Number

2.4.41

Subject

Coefficient

of Linear Thermal Expansion of Electrical Insulating

Materials

Date

3/86

Revision

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11.1

The

report shall include the following:

11.1.1

Designation

of the material, including the name of the

manufacturer and information on composition when known.

11.1.2

Method

of preparation of the test specimen.

11.1.3

Specimen

orientation with respect to original sample,

if applicable.

11.1.4

Sample

size.

11.1.5

Temperatures

between which the coefficient of linear

thermal expansion has been determined.

11.1.6

Average

coefficient of linear thermal expansion per

degree Celsius.

11.1.7

Transition

temperatures, if noted.

11.1.8

Instrument

manufacturer and model number.

11.1.9

Purge

gas, if used, and rate of gas flow, and

11.1.10

X-Y

chart record.

NOTE

The

preceding test method was originally ASTM

D3386-75, until modified for use by IPC for round-robin test-

ing of organic substrate materials. Upon completion of the test

program, recommendations for revision will be made to

ASTM.

IPC-2441-1

Figure

1 Specimen height versus temperature

IPC-TM-650

Number

2.4.41

Subject

Coefficient

of Linear Thermal Expansion of Electrical Insulating

Materials

Date

3/86

Revision

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1.0

Scope

1.1

describe the vitreous silica dilatometer method for

determining the linear thermal expansion of laminated materi-

als within the temperature range of –55°C to 100°C. Inorganic

substrates (non-laminated) shall be tested within a range of

–55° to 150°C.

2.0

Applicable Documents

ASTM-E-228

Standard

Test Method for Linear Thermal

Expansion of Solid Materials with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer

ASTM-D-696

Test

for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-

sion of Plastics

ASTM-E-831

Test

for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid

Materials by Thermodilatometry

ASTM-E-77

Verification

and Calibration of Liquid-in-Glass

Thermometers

ASTM-E-220

Calibration

of Thermocouples by Comparison

Techniques

ASTM-E-644

Testing

Industrial Resistance Thermometers

3.0

Test Specimen

3.1

Laminated

materials which may or may not contain

metal layers.

3.2

Nominal

test specimen dimensions shall be 1/4 inch

wide x 2 inch –4 inch long x 1/8 inch minimum thickness. End

surfaces shall be ground parallel. Any deviation from nominal

should recognize thermal gradients of the temperature cham-

ber, thermal lag of specimen and any bending of specimen.

Thicknesses under 1/8 inch shall be supported by adequate

clamping devices unless it is certain that the specimen will

remain straight during testing.

4.0 Apparatus

4.1

Vitreous

silica dilatometer of either the tube or push rod

type to determine the change in length of a solid material as a

function of temperature. The temperature is controlled at a

constant heating or cooling rate. The linear thermal expansion

and the coefficients of linear thermal expansion (CTE) are cal-

culated from the recorded data.

This device measures the difference in thermal expansion

between a test specimen and the vitreous silica parts of the

dilatometer (Figure 1).

4.2

Specimen

holder (tube) and probe shall be made of vit-

reous silica. The probe contact shall be flat or be rounded to

approximately a 10 mm radius.

4.3

Chamber

for uniformly heating and cooling the speci-

men. The specimen temperature change rate shall be con-

trolled. The temperature gradient in the specimen shall not

exceed 0.5°C/cm.

4.4

Transducer,

for measuring the difference in length

between the specimen and the specimen holder with an

accuracy of at least ± 0.5µm. The transducer shall be pro-

tected or mounted so that temperature changes will not affect

the readings by more than 1.0µm.

4.5 Micrometer,

for measuring the reference length, L

the specimen with an accuracy of at least ± 25µm.

4.6

Thermocouple,

types E, K, or T, for measurement of the

specimen temperature. (Type E is NiCr versus constantan,

type K is NiCr versus NiAl and Type T is Cu versus constan-

tan.)

4.7

Recorder

or data logger for collecting temperatures and

lengths.

5.0

Procedure

5.1 Sample Preparation

Rough

cut with a band saw or

metallurgical cut-off wheel and finish machining by grinding.

Care must be exercised to remove roughness from specimen

ends. The ends shall be parallel to ± .001 inch/inch.

5.2

Sample

condition (only for laminated, organic speci-

mens).

5.2.1

The

specimen shall be immersed in isopropyl alcohol

and agitated for twenty seconds.

The

Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits

2215 Sanders Road • Northbrook, IL 60062-6135

IPC-TM-650

TEST

METHODS MANUAL

Number

2.4.41.1

Subject

Coefficient

of Thermal Expansion by the Vitreous

Silica (Quartz) Dilatometer Method

Date

8/97

Revision

Originating Task Group

N/A

Material

in this Test Methods Manual was voluntarily established by Technical Committees of the IPC. This material is advisory only

and its use or adaptation is entirely voluntary. IPC disclaims all liability of any kind as to the use, application, or adaptation of this

material. Users are also wholly responsible for protecting themselves against all claims or liabilities for patent infringement.

Equipment referenced is for the convenience of the user and does not imply endorsement by the IPC.

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