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SEMI E121-0305 © SEMI 2003, 2005 11 R1-1.5 RossetaNet R1-1.5.1 A consorti u m of m ore than 400 of the world’s leadi ng Electronic Compone nts (EC), Inform ation Technology (I T), Semiconductor Manufact uring (SM) and So…
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RELATED INFORMATION 1
NOTICE: This related information is not an official part of SEMI E121 and was derived from the work of the
North American Information and Control Committee. This related information was approved for publication by full
letter ballot on November 4, 2004.
R1-1 Overview of XML Resources, Organizations and Standards
R1-1.1 There are an extensive number of resources in the area of XML. Most of the information is readily
available from organizations such as OMG, W3C, RosettaNet, ebXML, OASIS, Sun Micro Systems, IBM and
others through their web sites. There has been a lot of work standardizing dictionaries and vocabularies for several
industries and these documents can be used until further work is generated in this industry. Books are also widely
available from several editorial companies like O’Reily, Wrox, SAMS, Addison Wesley and other to mention some.
Titles vary from publisher to publisher but the information is in general the same. Next, is a list of these
organizations and their role in the development of standards for XML.
R1-1.2 OMG
R1-1.2.1 The Object Management Group (OMG)
is an open membership, not-for-profit consortium that produces
and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications
. The membership roster,
comprises of about 800 scientists from the industry, includes virtually every large company in the computer
industry, and hundreds of smaller ones. Their flagship specification is the multi-platform Model Driven
Architecture (MDA), recently underway but already well known in the industry. It is based on the modeling
specifications the MOF, the UML, XMI, and CWM. OMG’s own middleware platform is CORBA, which includes
the Interface Definition Language OMG IDL, and protocol IIOP. The Object Management Architecture (OMA)
defines standard services that will carry over into MDA work shortly. OMG Task Forces standardize Domain
Facilities in industries such as healthcare, manufacturing, telecommunications, and others. This organization is of
interest because of the work made in the areas of UML, XMI and MOF. Link information: www.OMG.org
R1-1.3 W3C
R1-1.3.1 The World Wide Web Consortium was created in October 1994 to lead the World Wide Web to its full
potential by developing common protocols that promote its evolution and ensure its interoperability. W3C has more
than 500 Member organizations from around the world and has earned international recognition for its contributions
to the growth of the Web. By promoting interoperability and encouraging an open forum for discussion, W3C
commits to leading the technical evolution of the Web. In just over seven years, W3C has developed more than 35
technical specifications for the Web’s infrastructure. Some examples of those technical specifications are: The XML
1.0 Recommendation (published in February 1998). This was the first step towards the next generation Web,
allowing each community to design languages that suit their particular needs and integrate them harmoniously into a
general infrastructure based on XML. Since XML 1.0, a number of Recommendations have added to the XML
infrastructure: XML Namespaces was published in January 1999, Associating Style Sheets with XML documents
were published in June 1999, and XSLT, for XML transformations, was published in November 1999. Web services
and SOAP (Simple Object Application Protocol) recommendations are being voted and will be published in a near
date. Link information: www.w3.org
R1-1.4 ebXML
R1-1.4.1 ebXML (Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language), sponsored by UN/CEFACT and
OASIS, is a modular suite of specifications that enables enterprises of any size and in any geographical location to
conduct business over the Internet. Using ebXML, companies now have a standard method to exchange business
messages, conduct trading relationships, communicate data in common terms and define and register business
processes. Technical work on ebXML moves forward as a coordinated activity between members of UN/CEFACT
and OASIS. Some of the standards driven by this consortia are: ebXML Messaging Services, Registries and
Repositories, Collaborative Protocol Profile and Implementation, Interoperability and Conformance work is
conducted within the OASIS technical process, because of the Consortium’s expertise in XML standards
development. ebXML Core Components and Business Process Models is advanced within UN/CEFACT, because of
its vast experience in EDI standards. Link information: www.ebXML.org
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R1-1.5 RossetaNet
R1-1.5.1 A consortium of more than 400 of the world’s leading Electronic Components (EC), Information
Technology (IT), Semiconductor Manufacturing (SM) and Solution Provider (SP) companies, RosettaNet is a self-
funded, non-profit organization dedicated to creating, implementing and promoting open e-business standards.
These standards form a common e-business language, aligning processes between trading partners on a global basis.
RosettaNet is named after the Rosetta stone, which, carved with the same message in three languages, led to the
understanding of hieroglyphics. RosettaNet, like the Stone, is breaking language barriers and making history.
RosettaNet drives collaborative development and rapid deployment of Internet-based business standards, creating a
common language and open e-business processes that provide measurable benefits and are vital to the evolution of
the global, high technology trading network. Developed with the collaboration and expertise of leading high-tech
companies, RosettaNet standards offer a robust nonproprietary solution, encompassing data dictionaries,
implementation framework, and business message schemas and process specifications, for e-business
standardization. RosettaNet standards include the RosettaNet Business Dictionary, RosettaNet Technical Dictionary,
RosettaNet Implementation Framework (RNIF) and RosettaNet Partner Interface Processes® (PIP®). Link
information: www.rosetta.org
R1-1.6 UN/CEFACT
R1-1.6.1 UN/CEFACT is the United Nations body whose mandate covers worldwide policy and technical
development in the area of trade facilitation and electronic business. Headquartered in Geneva, it has developed and
promoted many tools for the facilitation of global business processes including UN/EDIFACT, the international EDI
standard. Its current work “programme” includes such topics as “Simpl-edi” and “Object Oriented edi” and it
strongly supports the development and implementation of open interoperable, global standards and specifications for
electronic business. Link information: www.unece.org/cefact
R1-1.7 OASIS
R1-1.7.1 OASIS is the international, not-for-profit consortium that advances electronic business by promoting
open, collaborative development of interoperability specifications. The XML.ORG Registry provides as an open
community clearinghouse for distributing and locating XML application schemas, vocabularies and related
documents. OASIS serves as the home for industry groups and organizations interested in developing XML
specifications. OASIS is a not-for-profit, global consortium that drives the development, convergence and adoption
of e-business standards. OASIS produces worldwide standards for security, Web services, XML conformance,
business transactions, electronic publishing, topic maps and interoperability within and between market places.
OASIS has more than 400 corporate and individual members in 100 countries around the world. OASIS and the
United Nations jointly sponsor ebXML, a global framework for e-business data exchange. OASIS operates
XML.org, a community clearinghouse for XML application schemas, vocabularies and related documents. OASIS
hosts The XML Cover Pages, an online reference collection for interoperable markup language standards. The
OASIS Network includes CGM Open and LegalXML. Link information: http://www.oasis-open.org
R1-1.8 NIST
R1-1.8.1 Founded in 1901, NIST is a non-regulatory federal agency within the U.S. Commerce Department’s
Technology Administration. NIST’s mission is to develop and promote measurements, standards, and technology to
enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and improve the quality of life. NIST carries out its mission in four
cooperative programs: NIST Laboratories, conducting research that advances the nation’s technology infrastructure
and is needed by U.S. industry to continually improve products and services; the Baldrige National Quality
Program, which promotes performance excellence among U.S. manufacturers, service companies, educational
institutions, and health care providers; conducts outreach programs and manages the annual Malcolm Baldrige
National Quality Award which recognizes performance excellence and quality achievement; the Manufacturing
Extension Partnership, a nationwide network of local centers offering technical and business assistance to smaller
manufacturers; and the Advanced Technology Program, which accelerates the development of innovative
technologies for broad national benefit by co-funding R&D partnerships with the private sector. One program in
particular is SIMA. The SIMA Program seeks to provide U.S. manufacturers with capabilities enabling contextually
meaningful data to be shared among business activities such that reliable information is accessible when and where
it is needed. Link information: www.NIST.gov
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R1-1.9 ISO
R1-1.9.1 The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies from some 140 countries, one from each country. ISO is a non-governmental organization established in
1947. The mission of ISO is to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a
view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of
intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity. ISO’s work results in international agreements that are
published as International Standards. This guide may use some of the recommendations defined in ISO 11179
Document that defines a framework for the specification and standardization of data elements. Link information:
www.ISO.org.
R1-2 Glossary of Terms in XML
R1-2.1 Attribute — A qualifier on an XML tag that provides additional information. For example, in the tag <slide:
title="My Slide"/>, title is an attribute, and My Slide is its value.
R1-2.2 Binding — Construction of the code needed to process a well-defined bit of XML data.
R1-2.3 Comment — Text in an XML document that is ignored, unless the parser is specifically told to recognize it.
A comment is enclosed in a comment tag, like this:
<!-- This is a comment --> .
R1-2.4 Content — The part of an XML document that occurs after the prolog, including the root element and
everything it contains.
R1-2.5 CDATA — A predefined XML tag for “Character DATA” that says “don’t interpret these characters”, as
opposed to “Parsed Character Data” (PCDATA), in which the normal rules of XML syntax apply (for example,
angle brackets demarcate XML tags, tags define XML elements, etc.). CDATA sections are typically used to show
examples of XML syntax. Like this:
<![CDATA[ <slide>..A sample slide..</slide> ]]>
which displays as:
<slide>..A sample slide.. </slide>
R1-2.6 Data — The contents of an element generally used when the element does not contain any sub elements.
When it does, the more general term content is generally used. When the only text in an XML structure is contained
in simple elements, and elements that have sub elements have little or no data mixed in, then that structure is often
thought of as XML “data”, as opposed to an XML document.
R1-2.7 Declaration — The very first thing in an XML document, which declares it as XML. The minimal
declaration is <?xml version="1.0"?>. The declaration is part of the document prolog.
R1-2.8 Document — In general, an XML structure in which one or more elements contain text intermixed with sub
elements. See also: data.
R1-2.9 DOM — Document Object Model. A tree of objects with interfaces for traversing the tree and writing an
XML version of it, as defined by the W3C specification.
R1-2.10 Element — A unit of XML data, delimited by tags. An XML element can enclose other elements. For
example, in the XML structure, “<slideshow><slide>..</slide><slide>..</slide></slideshow>”, the
<slideshow> element contains two <slide> elements.
R1-2.11 Entity — A distinct, individual item that can be included in an XML document by referencing it. Such an
entity reference can name an entity as small as a character (for example, “<” , which references the less-than
symbol, or left-angle bracket (<). An entity reference can also reference an entire document, or external entity, or a
collection of element definitions (a parameter entity).